mercredi 6 février 2008

Toujours du côté du manche

Esther Tusquets, du franquisme au nationalisme catalan en passant par le gauchisme, un itinéraire à l'image de celui d'une bonne partie de la bourgeoisie catalane.


Habíamos ganado la guerra

Esther Tusquets

Bruguera, 288 p., Bruguera, ISBN. 9788402420534.

Esther Tusquets, durant quarante ans la grande dame de l'édition espagnole, vient de publier les souvenirs de ses années de jeunesse. Les lecteurs catalans d'aujourd'hui auront du mal à imaginer que ce scion de la meilleure bourgeoisie raconte sans état d'âme comme sa famille (et toute sa classe sociale) a vécu dans l'angoisse toute la guerre civile et n'avait commencé à revivre qu'après l'entrée des troupes franquistes dans une Barcelone abandonnées par ses défenseurs.
Le titre ne fait pas mystère de ce choix politique familial : « Nous avions gagné la guerre » et l'auteur raconte en détail non seulement son entrée dans la Phalange mais aussi ses conflits avec sa mère.
Esther Tusquets arrête ses souvenirs au tournant de ses vingt ans, soit 1956, afin de ne pas dévoiler des souvenirs plus embarrassants encore, par exemple comment la jeunesse dorée catalane s’est progressivement convertie au marxisme puis au nationalisme dans une démarche largement opportuniste.

Voici la présentation du livre par les agenciers d'Europa press

La escritora y editora barcelonesa Esther Tusquets rememora en el volumen de memorias 'Habíamos ganado la guerra' (Bruguera) su "ingenua" infancia y adolescencia en el seno de la burguesía franquista catalana.

El volumen, que no tiene voluntad de continuidad, repasa la vida de la escritora desde los 3 años, que eran los que tenía cuando las tropas franquistas entraron a Barcelona, hasta los 20, cuando llega a la madurez.

En rueda de prensa en Barcelona, Esther Tusquets (Barcelona, 1936) recordó hoy que "parte importante de la burguesía era franquista", aunque también había otra antifranquista, y aseguró que ha querido recordar su infancia para que se pudiera comparar a los que "cuentan cosas de los que habían perdido" en la guerra.

Tusquets remarcó que cuenta en su libro las cosas "tal como" las vivió, y así explica como sus padres "pasaron mal" la guerra recluidos con su familia en una casa de Pedralbes, la alegría por la victoria franquista, la vida en el Eixample de Barcelona, la relación con su madre y sus tías, sus estudios en el Colegio Alemán, su afiliación a Falange o su relación con el arte.

La editora de Lumen durante 40 años aseguró que no ha escrito estas memorias para "quedar en paz" consigo misma ni por "revanchismo", sino sólo porque quería mostrar la vida de los niños con familias que "habían ganado la guerra".

Uno de los aspectos que planea sobre el libro es la difícil relación de Esther Tusquets con su madre, que plantea "sin pudor". "Las relaciones entre madre e hija son las más difíciles" y "marcan muchísimo", añadió.

Esther Tusquets cree que "no gustaba" a su madre y que ésta le "tenía celos", pero que ahora la entiende "un poco más" y quizás en su momento fue "demasiado cruel" con ella. La escritora justificó la frialdad de su madre hacia ella en que fue una generación de mujeres "frustrada".

La escritora, que recordó su pesadilla hacia las clases de gimnasia --"no sé dar una voltereta"-- o de inglés, también se refirió a su tía Blanca, que "adoraba", y a su tía Sara, que le "producía fiebre" por su deseo de "ser desgraciada permanentemente".

En cuestiones políticas, Tusquets remarcó que era "ingenua y de buena fe" y que cuando se afilió a Falange lo hizo pensando "a pie juntillas que era de izquierdas".

Tusquets no mostró voluntad de continuar estas memorias porque "es difícil contar la verdad de cosas frecuentes" y podría "ofender" a determinadas personas y contar cosas que a sus hijos "no les gustarían". "Existe una censura personal para no ofender a la gente que te rodea", añadió. Sin embargo, lo que sí tiene en mente es una revisión y ampliación de sus 'Confesiones de una editora poca mentirosa'.

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